207 clan 宗族

词根：-clan- 宗族

（1）.clandestine 私下的,神秘的

记忆方法：clan(宗族)+destine(命运,决定)→宗族决定的→私底下的
实例：You will never know the clandestine deal behind the table.

208 1. exercise，训练; 2. urge，催促;

词根："1. -exer-; 2. -urg-;" 压,力量
变形：exer,erc, urg, erg

（1）.coerce 强制,压迫

记忆方法：co(共同)+erc(加压)→强迫
实例：The rebels coerced the villagers into hiding them from the army.

（2）.allergy 过敏

记忆方法：al(强调)+erg(压力)→一直有压力→过敏
实例： I have an allergy to cats.

209 labor 劳动

词根： -labor- 劳动
变形：labyr

（1）.collaborative 协作的

记忆方法：col(共同)+labor(劳动)+ative→合作的
实例：In other collaborative activities individuals take turns in sitting vigilantly alert while others feed, thereby functioning as watchdogs or guards.

（2）.laborious 费力的

记忆方法：labor(劳动)+ious(多…的)→费力的
实例：Keeping the garden tidy all year round can be a laborious task.

（3）.elaborate 精细的

记忆方法：e(出)+labor(劳动)+ate→辛苦做出的→精细的
实例：pure silks embroidered with elaborate patterns

（4）.labyrinth 迷宫,复杂的事物

记忆方法：labyr=labor+inth(内部)→在里面费力→迷宫
实例：1.a labyrinth of underground tunnels;
2.Decisions are frequently delayed in the labyrinth of Whitehall committees.

210 collapse 倒塌

词根： -laps- 滑走(slip)

（1）.lapsed 流逝的,过时的(尤指信仰)

记忆方法：laps(滑走)ed→流逝的,过时的
实例：a lapsed Catholic

（2）.elapse 光阴流逝

记忆方法：e(出)+lapse(滑走)→时间滑走
实例：Several months elapsed before his case was brought to trial.

（3）.relapse 复发,恶化,再度堕落

记忆方法：re(重新)+lapse(流逝,恶化)
实例：It is by no means clear that the financial markets will not relapse into panic.

211 commerce 商业

词根： -merc- 商业,交易

（1）.mercenary 雇佣兵的,唯利是图的

记忆方法：merc(商业)+ary(人)→商人→唯利是图者
实例：Virtue flies from the heart of a mercenary man.

（2）.mercury 水银,水星,罗马主管商业的神

记忆方法：merc(商业)+ury→主管商业的神,由水星代表,以往商人经常在金币中掺杂水银滥竽充数,于是衍生为水银
实例：Lighting is by two Floraset mercury vapour lamps which were originally set on a timer to give 11 hours of light.

（3）.mercurial 善变的,反复无常的;含有水银的

记忆方法：mercur(水银, 商业)+ial(表形容词)→含有水银/商业本来就是善变的 近义词: erratic, capricious, abnormal, irregular
实例：Her mercurial temperament made her difficult to live with.

212 placid 平静的

词根： -plac- 平静

（1）.complacent 自满的,得意的

记忆方法：com(全部)+plac(平静)+ent→全部平静→无改善的必要→自满的 衍生: complacency
实例： We must not become complacent the moment we have some success.

（2）.placate 抚慰,使平静

记忆方法：plac(平静)+ate(表动词)→使平静
实例：The concessions did little to placate the students.

（3）.implacable 难以安抚的

记忆方法：im(不)+plac(平静)+able(能)→不能平静的,难以满足的
实例：The move has won the implacable opposition of many economists.

（4）.placebo 安慰剂

记忆方法：plac(平静)+ebo(表名词，药丸)→安慰剂
实例：A placebo, superficial and cosy, to lull the world into no longer questioning.

213 punctuation 标点

词根： -punct- 点,针
变形：punct, pung

（1）.punctuate 加标点,强调;打断

记忆方法：加点→强调
实例：The silence was occasionally punctuated by laughter.

（2）.punctual 准时的

记忆方法：punt(点)+ual→对于时间精确到点的→准时的
实例：She’s always very punctual for appointments.

（3）.puncture 刺穿

记忆方法：punct(针)+ure→刺穿
实例：My bicycle had a puncture and needed patching up.

难记词

220 caulk 阻塞(防止漏水)

记忆方法：联想记忆: caulk=calc(石头)→用石头阻塞防止漏水
实例：Shipbuilders caulk wooden boats with oakum and tar.

221 caustic 腐蚀的,尖刻的

记忆方法：联想发音记忆: caus=cause(导致)+tic(发音类似啼哭)→导致啼哭→尖刻的,腐蚀的 近义词: abrasive, acrimonious
实例：1. Remember that this is caustic; use gloves or a spoon.
2. His abrasive wit and caustic comments were an interviewer's nightmare.

222 cavil 挑毛病,吹毛求疵

记忆方法：联想记忆: cav=cavier(鱼子酱)+il(生病)→对鱼子酱这种美味找毛病→吹毛求疵
实例：I don't think this is the time to cavil at the wording of the report.

223 celestial 天上的,天体的

记忆方法：来源于拉丁语caelum=heaven
实例：The second celestial apparition was a faint, pearly cone of light slanting up the eastern sky.

224 celibacy 独身生活,独身主义

记忆方法：联想记忆: celebrity名人多数是独身(celibracy)
实例： People in some religious orders take a vow of celibacy.

225 cerebrum (复数为cerebra) 大脑

记忆方法：
实例：The cerebrum is the thinking part of the brain.

226 chafe 擦痛,擦伤

记忆方法：联想记忆: cha(擦)+fe废→擦废→擦伤
实例：She turned him in the bed so that the sheets wouldn't chafe his skin into sores.

227 chalice 高脚杯

记忆方法：联想记忆: cha(茶)+lice→喝茶用的→杯子, poisoned chalice是一个很有意思的短语 近义词: goblet
实例： If you refer to a job or an opportunity as a poisoned chalice, you mean that it seems to be very attractive but you believe it will lead to failure.

228 chameleon 变色龙

记忆方法：联想记忆: cham=chamber(小房间)+leon=lion→小房间内的狮子→变色龙
实例： The Congressman has a reputation as a political chameleon.

229 chary 小心的,谨慎的 (chary of)

记忆方法：联想记忆: cha(茶)+ry→喝茶多了,提神→小心,谨慎
实例：I am rather chary of making too many idiotic mistakes.